History of google

The changes to the source code of this entry in the repository, newest first, each with the differences it made to the entry's files. They are also listed on GitLab.

2026-11-03 [entries] Add the date when each entry was added, and remove icon_hash by Tiago de Paula Peixoto beff7c9

The dates are those of the commits that first added the entries' files
(2020-08-11 for the entries of the initial commit); renamed entries keep
the date of their first name.

Changed: none

diff --git a/entries/google/__init__.py b/entries/google/__init__.py
index 27d0148..e34b835 100644
--- a/entries/google/__init__.py
+++ b/entries/google/__init__.py
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ The network has the following properties:
 tags = ['Informational', 'Web graph', 'Unweighted']
 url = 'https://web.archive.org/web/20201022235505/http://cfinder.org/wiki/?n=Main.Data'
 citation = [('G. Palla et al., "Directed network modules." New Journal of Physics 9(6), 186 (2007)', 'https://doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/9/6/186')]
-icon_hash = '57eade4b8cf714f319c38e46'
+date_added = '2020-08-11'
 upstream_license = None
 # cfinder.org is no longer online, so the file is obtained from the Internet
 # Archive.

2026-11-03 [entries] Prefix the properties in the descriptions with (Node), (Edge) or (Graph) by Tiago de Paula Peixoto bc3dbbd

The lists of properties at the end of the descriptions marked edge
properties with "Edge" but left node properties unmarked, or grouped
them in "Nodes: `a`, ...; `b`, ..." items, so the kind of a property
was often unclear. Every item now starts with (Node), (Edge) or (Graph),
followed by the property names, a colon and the explanation, one item
per property or group of properties; qualifications (kinds of nodes,
networks) follow the names in parentheses. Properties that were only
named got a short explanation, and a few items that named the wrong
kind of property were corrected.

diff --git a/entries/google/__init__.py b/entries/google/__init__.py
index 7ae8767..27d0148 100644
--- a/entries/google/__init__.py
+++ b/entries/google/__init__.py
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ description = """A directed network of the static webpages at www.google.com and
 
 The network has the following properties:
 
-- Nodes: `name`, the URL of the page."""
+- (Node) `name`: the URL of the page."""
 tags = ['Informational', 'Web graph', 'Unweighted']
 url = 'https://web.archive.org/web/20201022235505/http://cfinder.org/wiki/?n=Main.Data'
 citation = [('G. Palla et al., "Directed network modules." New Journal of Physics 9(6), 186 (2007)', 'https://doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/9/6/186')]

2026-11-02 [entries] Remove unneeded code from the entries by Tiago de Paula Peixoto 2c69f19

Unneeded "global files" statements, unused imports and variables,
f-strings without placeholders, duplicate keys in foodweb_little_rock
(keeping the order and the values used), and the second definition of
get_lines() in twitter_higgs. Nothing changes in the networks or
descriptions.

Changed: none

diff --git a/entries/google/__init__.py b/entries/google/__init__.py
index 318f499..7ae8767 100644
--- a/entries/google/__init__.py
+++ b/entries/google/__init__.py
@@ -42,7 +42,6 @@ def fetch_upstream(force=False):
 @coerce_props()
 @annotate()
 def parse(alts=None):
-    global files
     name = __name__.split(".")[-1]
     for fname, alt, fmt in files:
         if alts is not None and alt not in alts:

2026-10-25 [entries] Move more KONECT-derived entries to their original sources by Tiago de Paula Peixoto bf9dc0e

The entries now download the data from where KONECT obtained them (live,
or via the Wayback Machine), using the same release as KONECT where it is
still available, and gain the metadata KONECT dropped; descriptions and
citations are rewritten from the original sources:

- Linton Freeman's UCINET data page: bible_nouns, bison, cattle, hens,
  highschool, kangaroo, macaques, moreno_sheep, physician_trust (the three
  relations and the physicians' attributes), rhesus_monkey,
  train_terrorists, windsurfers (now the networks `interaction` and
  `closeness`), college_freshmen, crime, interactome_yeast (from the
  primary source), moreno_taro (undirected), residence_hall, zebras
- other pages, archived: contiguous_usa, advogato, google, github,
  digg_reply, twitter, bookcrossing, dbtropes_feature (without KONECT's
  spurious "ItemName" tropes)
- movielens_100k (in fact the MovieLens 10M tag assignments)
- dblp release 2017-05-02: dblp_author_paper, dblp_cite, dblp_coauthor
- DBpedia 3.9: dbpedia_country, dbpedia_genre, dbpedia_location,
  dbpedia_occupation, dbpedia_producer, dbpedia_recordlabel,
  dbpedia_starring, dbpedia_team, dbpedia_writer, dbpedia_all, dbpedia_link
- Discogs releases dump of October 2015: discogs_affiliation,
  discogs_genre and discogs_label (now with genre and style networks)

diff --git a/entries/google/__init__.py b/entries/google/__init__.py
index d946371..318f499 100644
--- a/entries/google/__init__.py
+++ b/entries/google/__init__.py
@@ -19,18 +19,24 @@
 from .. import *
 
 title = "Google internal webpages (2007)"
-description = """A directed network of webpages from Google's own sites, and the hyperlinks among them. Edge direction indicates that i hyperlinks to j.[^icon]
-[^icon]: Description obtained from the [ICON](https://icon.colorado.edu) project."""
+description = """A directed network of the static webpages at www.google.com and the hyperlinks among them, assembled by G. Palla, I. J. Farkas, P. Pollner, I. Derényi and T. Vicsek, and distributed with the CFinder software for detecting overlapping communities. A directed edge from $i$ to $j$ means that page $i$ contains a hyperlink to page $j$. The source does not document when or how the pages were collected, other than through the file date (March 2007). The network contains self-loops (pages linking to themselves).
+
+The network has the following properties:
+
+- Nodes: `name`, the URL of the page."""
 tags = ['Informational', 'Web graph', 'Unweighted']
-url = 'http://konect.cc/networks/cfinder-google'
+url = 'https://web.archive.org/web/20201022235505/http://cfinder.org/wiki/?n=Main.Data'
 citation = [('G. Palla et al., "Directed network modules." New Journal of Physics 9(6), 186 (2007)', 'https://doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/9/6/186')]
 icon_hash = '57eade4b8cf714f319c38e46'
-upstream_prefix = 'http://konect.cc/files'
-files = [('download.tsv.cfinder-google.tar.bz2', None, 'konect')]
+upstream_license = None
+# cfinder.org is no longer online, so the file is obtained from the Internet
+# Archive.
+upstream_prefix = 'https://web.archive.org/web/20201118123432id_/http://cfinder.org/wiki/networkData'
+files = [('GoogleNw.txt.zip:GoogleNw.txt', None, None)]
 
 def fetch_upstream(force=False):
-    return fetch_upstream_files(__name__.split(".")[-1], upstream_prefix, files,
-                                force)
+    return retry_download(fetch_upstream_files, __name__.split(".")[-1],
+                          upstream_prefix, files, force)
 
 @cache_network()
 @coerce_props()
@@ -38,12 +44,13 @@ def fetch_upstream(force=False):
 def parse(alts=None):
     global files
     name = __name__.split(".")[-1]
-    for fnames, alt, fmt in files:
+    for fname, alt, fmt in files:
         if alts is not None and alt not in alts:
             continue
-        if isinstance(fnames, str):
-            fnames = [fnames]
-        with ExitStack() as stack:
-            fs = [stack.enter_context(open_upstream_file(name, fn, "rb")) for fn in fnames]
-            g = parse_graph(fs, fmt, directed=True)
+        with open_upstream_file(name, fname, "r") as f:
+            # One hyperlink per line: "<url>\t<url>"
+            edges = [line.rstrip("\r\n").split("\t") for line in f
+                     if line.strip()]
+        g = Graph(directed=True)
+        g.vp.name = g.add_edge_list(edges, hashed=True, hash_type="string")
         yield alt, g

2026-10-24 Update copyright information by Tiago de Paula Peixoto 73a4f0d

diff --git a/entries/google/__init__.py b/entries/google/__init__.py
index bac8daf..d946371 100644
--- a/entries/google/__init__.py
+++ b/entries/google/__init__.py
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 #! /usr/bin/env python
 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 #
-# Copyright (C) 2020-2024 Tiago de Paula Peixoto <tiago@skewed.de>
+# Copyright (C) 2020-2026 Tiago de Paula Peixoto <tiago@skewed.de>
 #
 # This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
 # the terms of the GNU Affero General Public License as published by the Free

2024-05-27 Update copyright information by Tiago de Paula Peixoto 3d288ea

diff --git a/entries/google/__init__.py b/entries/google/__init__.py
index fe8e0fb..bac8daf 100644
--- a/entries/google/__init__.py
+++ b/entries/google/__init__.py
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 #! /usr/bin/env python
 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 #
-# Copyright (C) 2020-2023 Tiago de Paula Peixoto <tiago@skewed.de>
+# Copyright (C) 2020-2024 Tiago de Paula Peixoto <tiago@skewed.de>
 #
 # This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
 # the terms of the GNU Affero General Public License as published by the Free

2023-02-19 Update copyright information by Tiago de Paula Peixoto 8d005ae

diff --git a/entries/google/__init__.py b/entries/google/__init__.py
index cbc1fe6..fe8e0fb 100644
--- a/entries/google/__init__.py
+++ b/entries/google/__init__.py
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 #! /usr/bin/env python
 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 #
-# Copyright (C) 2021 Tiago de Paula Peixoto <tiago@skewed.de>
+# Copyright (C) 2020-2023 Tiago de Paula Peixoto <tiago@skewed.de>
 #
 # This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
 # the terms of the GNU Affero General Public License as published by the Free

2021-06-22 Update copyright info by Tiago de Paula Peixoto db2efcc

diff --git a/entries/google/__init__.py b/entries/google/__init__.py
index 8efa8c4..cbc1fe6 100644
--- a/entries/google/__init__.py
+++ b/entries/google/__init__.py
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 #! /usr/bin/env python
 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 #
-# Copyright (C) 2020 Tiago de Paula Peixoto <tiago@skewed.de>
+# Copyright (C) 2021 Tiago de Paula Peixoto <tiago@skewed.de>
 #
 # This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
 # the terms of the GNU Affero General Public License as published by the Free

2021-02-01 Un-orphan KONECT datasets by Tiago de Paula Peixoto 894eba5

KONECT has been brought back from the dead for the time being.

diff --git a/entries/google/__init__.py b/entries/google/__init__.py
index fa7a519..8efa8c4 100644
--- a/entries/google/__init__.py
+++ b/entries/google/__init__.py
@@ -26,7 +26,6 @@ url = 'http://konect.cc/networks/cfinder-google'
 citation = [('G. Palla et al., "Directed network modules." New Journal of Physics 9(6), 186 (2007)', 'https://doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/9/6/186')]
 icon_hash = '57eade4b8cf714f319c38e46'
 upstream_prefix = 'http://konect.cc/files'
-orphan = True
 files = [('download.tsv.cfinder-google.tar.bz2', None, 'konect')]
 
 def fetch_upstream(force=False):

2020-11-28 Update citations to use DOIs by Tiago de Paula Peixoto e878874

diff --git a/entries/google/__init__.py b/entries/google/__init__.py
index c48eb16..fa7a519 100644
--- a/entries/google/__init__.py
+++ b/entries/google/__init__.py
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ description = """A directed network of webpages from Google's own sites, and the
 [^icon]: Description obtained from the [ICON](https://icon.colorado.edu) project."""
 tags = ['Informational', 'Web graph', 'Unweighted']
 url = 'http://konect.cc/networks/cfinder-google'
-citation = [('G. Palla et al., "Directed network modules." New Journal of Physics 9(6), 186 (2007)', 'http://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1367-2630/9/6/186/meta')]
+citation = [('G. Palla et al., "Directed network modules." New Journal of Physics 9(6), 186 (2007)', 'https://doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/9/6/186')]
 icon_hash = '57eade4b8cf714f319c38e46'
 upstream_prefix = 'http://konect.cc/files'
 orphan = True

2020-11-02 Add support for 'orphan' datasets and tag konect entries by Tiago de Paula Peixoto e330b80

diff --git a/entries/google/__init__.py b/entries/google/__init__.py
index 686b23f..c48eb16 100644
--- a/entries/google/__init__.py
+++ b/entries/google/__init__.py
@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@ url = 'http://konect.cc/networks/cfinder-google'
 citation = [('G. Palla et al., "Directed network modules." New Journal of Physics 9(6), 186 (2007)', 'http://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1367-2630/9/6/186/meta')]
 icon_hash = '57eade4b8cf714f319c38e46'
 upstream_prefix = 'http://konect.cc/files'
+orphan = True
 files = [('download.tsv.cfinder-google.tar.bz2', None, 'konect')]
 
 def fetch_upstream(force=False):

2020-09-15 Change license from GPLv3 to AGPLv3 by Tiago de Paula Peixoto d754be5

diff --git a/entries/google/__init__.py b/entries/google/__init__.py
index a657577..686b23f 100644
--- a/entries/google/__init__.py
+++ b/entries/google/__init__.py
@@ -3,18 +3,18 @@
 #
 # Copyright (C) 2020 Tiago de Paula Peixoto <tiago@skewed.de>
 #
-# This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
-# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
-# the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
-# (at your option) any later version.
+# This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
+# the terms of the GNU Affero General Public License as published by the Free
+# Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any
+# later version.
 #
-# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
-# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
-# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
-# GNU General Public License for more details.
+# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+# ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS
+# FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU Affero General Public License for more
+# details.
 #
-# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
-# along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU Affero General Public License along
+# with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 
 from .. import *

2020-09-13 Add explicit attribution to descriptions obtained from ICON by Tiago de Paula Peixoto 1645314

diff --git a/entries/google/__init__.py b/entries/google/__init__.py
index 9868dfe..a657577 100644
--- a/entries/google/__init__.py
+++ b/entries/google/__init__.py
@@ -19,7 +19,8 @@
 from .. import *
 
 title = "Google internal webpages (2007)"
-description = "A directed network of webpages from Google's own sites, and the hyperlinks among them. Edge direction indicates that i hyperlinks to j."
+description = """A directed network of webpages from Google's own sites, and the hyperlinks among them. Edge direction indicates that i hyperlinks to j.[^icon]
+[^icon]: Description obtained from the [ICON](https://icon.colorado.edu) project."""
 tags = ['Informational', 'Web graph', 'Unweighted']
 url = 'http://konect.cc/networks/cfinder-google'
 citation = [('G. Palla et al., "Directed network modules." New Journal of Physics 9(6), 186 (2007)', 'http://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1367-2630/9/6/186/meta')]

2020-08-11 Initial commit by Tiago de Paula Peixoto cc85872

diff --git a/entries/google/__init__.py b/entries/google/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9868dfe
--- /dev/null
+++ b/entries/google/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+#! /usr/bin/env python
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+#
+# Copyright (C) 2020 Tiago de Paula Peixoto <tiago@skewed.de>
+#
+# This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+# the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+# (at your option) any later version.
+#
+# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+# GNU General Public License for more details.
+#
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+# along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+from .. import *
+
+title = "Google internal webpages (2007)"
+description = "A directed network of webpages from Google's own sites, and the hyperlinks among them. Edge direction indicates that i hyperlinks to j."
+tags = ['Informational', 'Web graph', 'Unweighted']
+url = 'http://konect.cc/networks/cfinder-google'
+citation = [('G. Palla et al., "Directed network modules." New Journal of Physics 9(6), 186 (2007)', 'http://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1367-2630/9/6/186/meta')]
+icon_hash = '57eade4b8cf714f319c38e46'
+upstream_prefix = 'http://konect.cc/files'
+files = [('download.tsv.cfinder-google.tar.bz2', None, 'konect')]
+
+def fetch_upstream(force=False):
+    return fetch_upstream_files(__name__.split(".")[-1], upstream_prefix, files,
+                                force)
+
+@cache_network()
+@coerce_props()
+@annotate()
+def parse(alts=None):
+    global files
+    name = __name__.split(".")[-1]
+    for fnames, alt, fmt in files:
+        if alts is not None and alt not in alts:
+            continue
+        if isinstance(fnames, str):
+            fnames = [fnames]
+        with ExitStack() as stack:
+            fs = [stack.enter_context(open_upstream_file(name, fn, "rb")) for fn in fnames]
+            g = parse_graph(fs, fmt, directed=True)
+        yield alt, g