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edit_wikiquote — Wikiquote edits (2003-2026)

Description

Bipartite networks of users and the pages they edited, one for each of the 100 language editions of Wikiquote, the collaboratively edited compendium of quotations, named by their language code (e.g. en, fr). They were extracted from the Wikimedia "stub-meta-history" dumps of 1 October 2026, which list, for every page existing at the time of the dump, all its revisions (edits) that have not been deleted, with their time, author and size, but without their text. Nodes are users and pages, and an edge connects a user to a page for each edit of that page made by the user, so that a user who edited the same page several times is connected to it by multiple edges. Pages of all namespaces are included (content pages, talk pages, user pages, templates, categories, etc.). Edits by unregistered users are attributed to their IP addresses (or, since 2025, to their automatically created temporary accounts, whose names start with "~"); edits whose author has been hidden are omitted, as are the edits of deleted pages. Edit summaries are not included. Pages imported from other wikis keep their edit history, so that some edits predate the creation of the wiki.

These networks replace an earlier version extracted by KONECT from the dumps of July 2017, which contained only registered users and no node names. The language edition als (a deleted wiki) of the earlier version no longer exists.

The networks have the following properties:

  • name: the page title (including its namespace prefix), or the user name or IP address.
  • is_page: whether the node is a page (otherwise it is a user).
  • namespace: the MediaWiki namespace number of the page (0 for content pages, 1 for their talk pages, 2 for user pages, 3 for user talk pages, 4 for project pages, 10 for templates, 14 for categories, etc.), and $-1$ for users.
  • is_redirect: whether the page was a redirect at the time of the dump (false for users).
  • anonymous: whether the user is unregistered and identified only by an IP address (false for pages).
  • Edge time: the time of the edit (Unix time, in seconds).
  • Edge minor: whether the edit was marked as minor by its author.
  • Edge size: the size of the page text in bytes after the edit ($-1$ if unknown).
Tags
Informational Web graph Collaboration Multigraph Timestamps Metadata
Citation
Upstream URL OK
https://dumps.wikimedia.org/
Upstream license
Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 (CC BY-SA 4.0) and GFDL, https://dumps.wikimedia.org/legal.html
Networks
Tip: click on a column header to sort the list, or hover over it for a description.
Column legend
$\left<k\right>$
Mean degree
$\sigma_k$
Standard deviation of the degrees
$\lambda_h$
Largest eigenvalue of the Hashimoto (non-backtracking) matrix
$\tau$
Random walk mixing time
$r$
Degree assortativity
$c$
Global clustering coefficient
$\oslash$
(Pseudo-) diameter
$S$
Relative size of the largest component
NPs
Node properties
EPs
Edge properties
Name Nodes Edges $\left<k\right>$ $\sigma_k$ $\lambda_h$ $\tau$ $r$ $c$ $\oslash$ $S$ Kind Mode NPs EPs gt GraphML GML csv
af 1,438 3,450 4.80 28.43 19.54 94.97 -0.25 0.00 14 0.78 Undirected Bipartite weight time 37 KiB 51 KiB 50 KiB 45 KiB
am 555 630 2.27 8.45 2.65 56.80 -0.23 0.00 12 0.44 Undirected Bipartite weight time 13 KiB 17 KiB 16 KiB 14 KiB
ang 625 1,303 4.17 23.15 14.31 1160.43 -0.50 0.00 14 0.72 Undirected Bipartite weight time 15 KiB 21 KiB 20 KiB 18 KiB
ar 23,375 43,758 3.74 92.48 47.63 67.82 -0.28 0.00 11 0.96 Undirected Bipartite weight time 500 KiB 696 KiB 684 KiB 598 KiB
as 3,696 26,610 14.40 128.77 42.01 17.80 -0.34 0.00 9 0.99 Undirected Bipartite name is_page namespace is_redirect anonymous time minor size 230 KiB 307 KiB 295 KiB 299 KiB
ast 394 637 3.23 10.61 3.48 759.38 -0.19 0.00 18 0.63 Undirected Bipartite weight time 10 KiB 13 KiB 12 KiB 11 KiB
az 5,046 42,321 16.77 386.48 41.38 91.63 -0.50 0.00 11 0.93 Undirected Bipartite weight time 200 KiB 287 KiB 277 KiB 264 KiB
bcl 2,566 20,280 15.81 102.41 53.13 10.48 -0.44 0.00 8 0.98 Undirected Bipartite name is_page namespace is_redirect anonymous time minor size 163 KiB 238 KiB 229 KiB 220 KiB
be 1,658 4,036 4.87 27.64 13.27 159.27 -0.32 0.00 12 0.83 Undirected Bipartite weight time 42 KiB 57 KiB 56 KiB 51 KiB
bg 11,633 66,820 11.49 253.68 83.81 190.32 -0.38 0.00 10 0.96 Undirected Bipartite weight time 433 KiB 608 KiB 596 KiB 556 KiB
bjn 3,651 10,792 5.91 36.26 26.31 266.76 -0.42 0.00 12 0.97 Undirected Bipartite name is_page namespace is_redirect anonymous time minor size 152 KiB 204 KiB 197 KiB 184 KiB
bm 84 77 1.83 1.70 1.41 4.93 -0.11 0.00 4 0.15 Undirected Bipartite weight time 3 KiB 4 KiB 3 KiB 3 KiB
bn 15,562 82,171 10.56 165.34 45.61 94.82 -0.25 0.00 10 0.99 Undirected Bipartite name is_page namespace is_redirect anonymous time minor size 775 KiB 1.0 MiB 999 KiB 1018 KiB
br 906 2,625 5.79 27.13 16.71 137.44 -0.24 0.00 14 0.75 Undirected Bipartite weight time 25 KiB 34 KiB 33 KiB 31 KiB
bs 8,557 48,896 11.43 204.75 82.49 129.74 -0.48 0.00 12 0.94 Undirected Bipartite weight time 313 KiB 459 KiB 450 KiB 412 KiB
ca 10,263 84,728 16.51 339.84 78.48 24.99 -0.31 0.00 13 0.98 Undirected Bipartite weight time 443 KiB 654 KiB 640 KiB 592 KiB
co 270 315 2.33 7.58 2.70 36.74 -0.28 0.00 8 0.47 Undirected Bipartite weight time 7 KiB 9 KiB 8 KiB 7 KiB
cr 81 96 2.37 3.36 3.34 3.47 -0.26 0.00 4 0.26 Undirected Bipartite name is_page namespace is_redirect anonymous time minor size 4 KiB 5 KiB 4 KiB 4 KiB
cs 12,878 64,726 10.05 138.47 91.63 105.61 -0.26 0.00 11 0.97 Undirected Bipartite weight time 456 KiB 653 KiB 646 KiB 582 KiB
cy 1,557 3,591 4.61 28.72 21.74 205.94 -0.37 0.00 16 0.83 Undirected Bipartite weight time 40 KiB 54 KiB 53 KiB 47 KiB
da 2,355 9,143 7.76 49.25 24.32 88.18 0.15 0.00 13 0.87 Undirected Bipartite weight time 73 KiB 101 KiB 99 KiB 90 KiB
de 24,753 323,207 26.11 473.35 172.31 107.30 -0.34 0.00 15 0.94 Undirected Bipartite weight time 1.5 MiB 2.3 MiB 2.3 MiB 2.2 MiB
el 4,390 20,779 9.47 75.98 46.17 63.20 -0.42 0.00 11 0.91 Undirected Bipartite weight time 148 KiB 210 KiB 207 KiB 186 KiB
en 186,686 1,271,653 13.62 461.41 226.18 171.85 -0.22 0.00 12 0.96 Undirected Bipartite weight time 7.2 MiB 10.6 MiB 10.3 MiB 10.0 MiB
eo 4,262 19,798 9.29 71.01 50.60 171.79 -0.42 0.00 15 0.92 Undirected Bipartite weight time 141 KiB 198 KiB 195 KiB 178 KiB
es 35,344 202,296 11.45 162.57 113.52 73.23 -0.22 0.00 11 0.96 Undirected Bipartite weight time 1.3 MiB 1.8 MiB 1.8 MiB 1.7 MiB
et 1,822 7,681 8.43 41.17 31.11 262.48 -0.38 0.00 14 0.86 Undirected Bipartite weight time 60 KiB 86 KiB 84 KiB 76 KiB
eu 1,380 5,591 8.10 50.88 21.85 100.27 -0.29 0.00 11 0.81 Undirected Bipartite weight time 45 KiB 63 KiB 61 KiB 55 KiB
fa 25,584 108,605 8.49 256.26 68.48 42.26 -0.33 0.00 11 0.98 Undirected Bipartite weight time 771 KiB 1.0 MiB 1.0 MiB 953 KiB
fi 6,780 45,194 13.33 119.24 62.12 103.74 -0.19 0.00 12 0.97 Undirected Bipartite weight time 266 KiB 378 KiB 368 KiB 348 KiB
fr 27,896 184,257 13.21 203.74 105.80 88.74 -0.19 0.00 11 0.98 Undirected Bipartite weight time 1.1 MiB 1.5 MiB 1.5 MiB 1.4 MiB
ga 112 157 2.80 5.30 4.70 69.82 -0.35 0.00 10 0.66 Undirected Bipartite weight time 3 KiB 4 KiB 4 KiB 3 KiB
gl 3,200 14,807 9.25 57.46 34.38 81.27 -0.44 0.00 13 0.88 Undirected Bipartite weight time 104 KiB 147 KiB 144 KiB 133 KiB
gor 1,743 15,694 18.01 127.91 27.09 57.28 -0.70 0.00 10 0.98 Undirected Bipartite name is_page namespace is_redirect anonymous time minor size 105 KiB 152 KiB 145 KiB 143 KiB
gu 2,649 11,364 8.58 44.40 30.17 308.60 -0.32 0.00 15 0.93 Undirected Bipartite weight time 83 KiB 114 KiB 113 KiB 104 KiB
guw 1,546 10,189 13.18 64.69 32.65 68.53 -0.63 0.00 11 0.96 Undirected Bipartite name is_page namespace is_redirect anonymous time minor size 78 KiB 111 KiB 106 KiB 106 KiB
he 12,989 87,673 13.50 142.96 81.60 65.41 -0.31 0.00 11 0.96 Undirected Bipartite weight time 541 KiB 756 KiB 745 KiB 699 KiB
hi 2,838 12,426 8.76 50.85 18.83 215.66 -0.09 0.00 11 0.95 Undirected Bipartite weight time 87 KiB 120 KiB 119 KiB 105 KiB
hr 3,762 17,950 9.54 102.20 40.54 120.99 -0.23 0.00 13 0.94 Undirected Bipartite weight time 129 KiB 179 KiB 176 KiB 160 KiB
hu 5,720 37,038 12.95 160.56 46.36 109.03 -0.22 0.00 11 0.96 Undirected Bipartite weight time 228 KiB 317 KiB 312 KiB 289 KiB
hy 8,674 70,203 16.19 455.79 70.53 49.17 0.77 0.00 10 0.98 Undirected Bipartite weight time 364 KiB 506 KiB 492 KiB 461 KiB
id 4,414 11,668 5.29 30.28 22.14 167.22 -0.38 0.00 12 0.86 Undirected Bipartite weight time 111 KiB 156 KiB 156 KiB 137 KiB
ig 12,956 34,272 5.29 60.97 54.45 94.51 -0.32 0.00 12 0.98 Undirected Bipartite name is_page namespace is_redirect anonymous time minor size 502 KiB 664 KiB 642 KiB 605 KiB
is 1,490 5,743 7.71 50.48 22.45 77.60 -0.24 0.00 13 0.85 Undirected Bipartite weight time 46 KiB 65 KiB 63 KiB 58 KiB
it 130,834 703,139 10.75 399.54 216.33 65.73 -0.41 0.00 11 0.99 Undirected Bipartite weight time 4.5 MiB 6.6 MiB 6.5 MiB 5.9 MiB
ja 5,011 20,595 8.22 86.71 36.25 103.23 -0.21 0.00 12 0.85 Undirected Bipartite weight time 159 KiB 224 KiB 221 KiB 201 KiB
ka 4,140 23,721 11.46 117.81 45.73 242.93 -0.25 0.00 11 0.94 Undirected Bipartite weight time 143 KiB 203 KiB 198 KiB 182 KiB
kk 176 200 2.27 6.11 1.41 10.25 0.15 0.00 4 0.28 Undirected Bipartite weight time 5 KiB 6 KiB 6 KiB 5 KiB
kn 1,126 3,075 5.46 45.06 7.78 280.60 -0.30 0.00 16 0.79 Undirected Bipartite weight time 31 KiB 42 KiB 41 KiB 37 KiB
ko 4,197 18,841 8.98 62.04 41.73 94.62 -0.33 0.00 12 0.92 Undirected Bipartite weight time 134 KiB 188 KiB 184 KiB 168 KiB
kr 39 37 1.90 1.72 1.00 4.24 -0.39 0.00 5 0.26 Undirected Bipartite weight time 2 KiB 2 KiB 2 KiB 2 KiB
ks 77 70 1.82 1.68 1.63 8.19 -0.25 0.00 4 0.14 Undirected Bipartite weight time 3 KiB 3 KiB 3 KiB 3 KiB
ku 1,333 4,929 7.40 38.71 26.02 142.66 -0.37 0.00 13 0.77 Undirected Bipartite weight time 41 KiB 58 KiB 57 KiB 52 KiB
kw 79 96 2.43 3.42 3.34 6.18 -0.27 0.00 4 0.28 Undirected Bipartite name is_page namespace is_redirect anonymous time minor size 4 KiB 5 KiB 4 KiB 4 KiB
ky 611 864 2.83 11.10 3.13 760.85 -0.11 0.00 15 0.50 Undirected Bipartite weight time 15 KiB 19 KiB 18 KiB 17 KiB
la 1,681 5,685 6.76 53.05 17.72 279.53 -0.21 0.00 13 0.82 Undirected Bipartite weight time 48 KiB 66 KiB 65 KiB 59 KiB
lb 423 667 3.15 8.64 7.03 91.27 -0.39 0.00 9 0.37 Undirected Bipartite weight time 10 KiB 14 KiB 13 KiB 11 KiB
li 2,869 5,040 3.51 46.29 27.50 52.91 -0.39 0.00 12 0.90 Undirected Bipartite weight time 65 KiB 87 KiB 86 KiB 74 KiB
lt 6,008 54,892 18.27 428.14 64.66 80.97 -0.45 0.00 11 0.95 Undirected Bipartite weight time 296 KiB 410 KiB 398 KiB 383 KiB
min 1,933 4,721 4.88 44.53 27.80 403.17 -0.46 0.00 10 0.96 Undirected Bipartite name is_page namespace is_redirect anonymous time minor size 81 KiB 106 KiB 102 KiB 98 KiB
ml 3,834 12,574 6.56 56.19 17.99 51.85 -0.32 0.00 12 0.95 Undirected Bipartite weight time 103 KiB 136 KiB 134 KiB 123 KiB
mr 1,041 2,250 4.32 20.18 6.69 305.36 -0.06 0.00 17 0.77 Undirected Bipartite weight time 26 KiB 35 KiB 33 KiB 30 KiB
ms 1,742 7,063 8.11 50.35 24.13 431.47 -0.42 0.00 10 0.94 Undirected Bipartite name is_page namespace is_redirect anonymous time minor size 71 KiB 99 KiB 95 KiB 86 KiB
na 75 84 2.24 2.77 2.74 4.79 -0.27 0.00 5 0.28 Undirected Bipartite name is_page namespace is_redirect anonymous time minor size 4 KiB 5 KiB 4 KiB 4 KiB
nds 48 49 2.04 2.33 2.24 1.03 -0.28 0.00 4 0.23 Undirected Bipartite name is_page namespace is_redirect anonymous time minor size 3 KiB 4 KiB 3 KiB 3 KiB
nl 6,411 49,046 15.30 199.76 53.74 41.59 -0.21 0.00 11 0.96 Undirected Bipartite weight time 282 KiB 394 KiB 384 KiB 361 KiB
nn 4,232 13,767 6.51 158.66 27.43 173.61 -0.61 0.00 14 0.95 Undirected Bipartite weight time 115 KiB 162 KiB 160 KiB 140 KiB
no 3,369 13,926 8.27 49.62 33.89 224.21 -0.28 0.00 13 0.88 Undirected Bipartite weight time 106 KiB 152 KiB 149 KiB 134 KiB
pcm 634 7,535 23.77 114.15 24.17 27.00 -0.51 0.00 8 0.92 Undirected Bipartite name is_page namespace is_redirect anonymous time minor size 44 KiB 66 KiB 62 KiB 62 KiB
pl 54,021 378,978 14.03 584.21 174.46 132.33 -0.26 0.00 11 0.99 Undirected Bipartite weight time 2.3 MiB 3.3 MiB 3.2 MiB 3.0 MiB
pt 30,579 124,568 8.15 234.76 109.92 157.50 -0.24 0.00 10 0.97 Undirected Bipartite weight time 957 KiB 1.3 MiB 1.3 MiB 1.2 MiB
qu 51 42 1.65 1.43 1.00 0.01 -0.35 0.00 2 0.18 Undirected Bipartite name is_page namespace is_redirect anonymous time minor size 3 KiB 4 KiB 3 KiB 3 KiB
ro 3,557 12,781 7.19 44.92 31.51 71.32 -0.21 0.00 12 0.91 Undirected Bipartite weight time 105 KiB 145 KiB 143 KiB 127 KiB
ru 37,740 204,682 10.85 150.48 108.07 73.03 -0.23 0.00 12 0.97 Undirected Bipartite weight time 1.3 MiB 1.8 MiB 1.8 MiB 1.7 MiB
sa 4,637 14,598 6.30 102.38 38.61 422.66 -0.46 0.00 12 0.96 Undirected Bipartite weight time 115 KiB 152 KiB 152 KiB 132 KiB
sah 2,173 8,598 7.91 86.90 23.59 45.55 -0.34 0.00 11 0.94 Undirected Bipartite name is_page namespace is_redirect anonymous time minor size 100 KiB 132 KiB 127 KiB 122 KiB
simple 6,366 27,042 8.50 87.42 40.43 37.80 -0.29 0.00 12 0.98 Undirected Bipartite weight time 189 KiB 258 KiB 251 KiB 230 KiB
sk 8,005 71,775 17.93 399.10 95.39 101.82 -0.40 0.00 11 0.98 Undirected Bipartite weight time 393 KiB 589 KiB 573 KiB 539 KiB
sl 5,297 27,934 10.55 105.18 67.13 107.46 -0.56 0.00 11 0.96 Undirected Bipartite weight time 186 KiB 268 KiB 263 KiB 240 KiB
sq 1,200 3,128 5.21 19.87 14.48 202.18 -0.30 0.00 14 0.81 Undirected Bipartite weight time 32 KiB 44 KiB 42 KiB 38 KiB
sr 2,277 8,672 7.62 32.18 26.60 80.37 -0.31 0.00 11 0.86 Undirected Bipartite weight time 71 KiB 97 KiB 96 KiB 85 KiB
su 2,184 3,029 2.77 49.15 4.61 209.77 -0.62 0.00 19 0.89 Undirected Bipartite weight time 44 KiB 60 KiB 59 KiB 51 KiB
sv 4,205 17,517 8.33 52.11 38.18 98.86 -0.37 0.00 11 0.91 Undirected Bipartite weight time 136 KiB 188 KiB 186 KiB 169 KiB
ta 3,097 9,857 6.37 57.31 18.96 146.60 -0.37 0.00 13 0.92 Undirected Bipartite weight time 81 KiB 109 KiB 108 KiB 97 KiB
te 3,795 11,174 5.89 80.30 16.98 196.57 -0.31 0.00 12 0.93 Undirected Bipartite weight time 98 KiB 129 KiB 127 KiB 113 KiB
th 6,970 14,858 4.26 55.72 20.72 189.16 -0.36 0.00 12 0.95 Undirected Bipartite weight time 165 KiB 220 KiB 218 KiB 188 KiB
tk 93 95 2.04 1.95 2.00 17.30 -0.31 0.00 5 0.17 Undirected Bipartite weight time 3 KiB 4 KiB 3 KiB 3 KiB
tl 4,750 35,157 14.80 116.86 54.85 46.98 -0.55 0.00 8 0.99 Undirected Bipartite name is_page namespace is_redirect anonymous time minor size 272 KiB 393 KiB 374 KiB 365 KiB
tr 19,818 100,424 10.13 133.06 84.64 301.68 -0.26 0.00 10 0.97 Undirected Bipartite weight time 686 KiB 979 KiB 960 KiB 870 KiB
tt 93 130 2.80 3.90 3.65 66.25 -0.29 0.00 11 0.49 Undirected Bipartite weight time 3 KiB 4 KiB 3 KiB 3 KiB
ug 93 100 2.15 2.14 2.00 23.81 -0.14 0.00 6 0.19 Undirected Bipartite weight time 3 KiB 4 KiB 3 KiB 3 KiB
uk 17,478 61,669 7.06 165.53 66.38 149.82 -0.35 0.00 12 0.99 Undirected Bipartite weight time 497 KiB 666 KiB 654 KiB 581 KiB
ur 2,169 3,995 3.68 46.44 10.98 555.72 -0.40 0.00 15 0.89 Undirected Bipartite weight time 49 KiB 66 KiB 65 KiB 56 KiB
uz 704 1,221 3.47 11.13 9.00 151.00 -0.25 0.00 13 0.70 Undirected Bipartite weight time 17 KiB 23 KiB 22 KiB 20 KiB
vi 3,929 20,595 10.48 126.48 18.91 71.57 0.33 0.00 11 0.91 Undirected Bipartite weight time 128 KiB 176 KiB 173 KiB 159 KiB
vo 100 139 2.78 4.31 4.04 41.79 -0.28 0.00 9 0.42 Undirected Bipartite weight time 3 KiB 4 KiB 4 KiB 3 KiB
wo 654 841 2.57 9.50 5.66 184.26 -0.25 0.00 15 0.65 Undirected Bipartite weight time 15 KiB 20 KiB 19 KiB 17 KiB
za 99 100 2.02 2.15 2.24 10.99 -0.24 0.00 6 0.21 Undirected Bipartite name is_page namespace is_redirect anonymous time minor size 4 KiB 6 KiB 5 KiB 5 KiB
zh 11,164 41,991 7.52 57.00 45.72 316.36 -0.25 0.00 14 0.91 Undirected Bipartite weight time 332 KiB 464 KiB 458 KiB 411 KiB
zh_min_nan 550 938 3.41 10.94 7.55 1079.42 -0.35 0.00 16 0.70 Undirected Bipartite weight time 14 KiB 18 KiB 17 KiB 16 KiB
Ridiculograms*
af drawing
af
am drawing
am
ang drawing
ang
ar drawing
ar
as drawing
as
ast drawing
ast
az drawing
az
bcl drawing
bcl
be drawing
be
bg drawing
bg
bjn drawing
bjn
bm drawing
bm
bn drawing
bn
br drawing
br
bs drawing
bs
ca drawing
ca
co drawing
co
cr drawing
cr
cs drawing
cs
cy drawing
cy
da drawing
da
de drawing
de
el drawing
el
en drawing
en
eo drawing
eo
es drawing
es
et drawing
et
eu drawing
eu
fa drawing
fa
fi drawing
fi
fr drawing
fr
ga drawing
ga
gl drawing
gl
gor drawing
gor
gu drawing
gu
guw drawing
guw
he drawing
he
hi drawing
hi
hr drawing
hr
hu drawing
hu
hy drawing
hy
id drawing
id
ig drawing
ig
is drawing
is
it drawing
it
ja drawing
ja
ka drawing
ka
kk drawing
kk
kn drawing
kn
ko drawing
ko
kr drawing
kr
ks drawing
ks
ku drawing
ku
kw drawing
kw
ky drawing
ky
la drawing
la
lb drawing
lb
li drawing
li
lt drawing
lt
min drawing
min
ml drawing
ml
mr drawing
mr
ms drawing
ms
na drawing
na
nds drawing
nds
nl drawing
nl
nn drawing
nn
no drawing
no
pcm drawing
pcm
pl drawing
pl
pt drawing
pt
qu drawing
qu
ro drawing
ro
ru drawing
ru
sa drawing
sa
sah drawing
sah
simple drawing
simple
sk drawing
sk
sl drawing
sl
sq drawing
sq
sr drawing
sr
su drawing
su
sv drawing
sv
ta drawing
ta
te drawing
te
th drawing
th
tk drawing
tk
tl drawing
tl
tr drawing
tr
tt drawing
tt
ug drawing
ug
uk drawing
uk
ur drawing
ur
uz drawing
uz
vi drawing
vi
vo drawing
vo
wo drawing
wo
za drawing
za
zh drawing
zh
zh_min_nan drawing
zh_min_nan
* These are automatically generated force-directed visualizations, and can be quite meaningless for networks both big and small. They should not be taken seriously as sources of scientific insight. See here for a discussion.