insee_commuting — French commuting flows between communes (INSEE, 2006-2023)

Description

Networks of the commutes of workers between their communes of residence and of work in France, from the population census of the French national statistics institute (INSEE), as published in its "base flux de mobilité: mobilités professionnelles (déplacements domicile - lieu de travail)". The census of each year combines the surveys of five consecutive years (around that year), so that consecutive editions overlap; the flows are estimates (with decimals), based on samples of the households in the communes of 10,000 inhabitants or more, and INSEE warns that flows below 200 workers should be taken as orders of magnitude only. Because the data of a commune are collected over several years, the flows into and out of a commune may not refer to the same year.

There is one network for each edition, from 2006 to 2023, named after its year (e.g. 2023); each uses the communes of the geography of its time (communes are frequently merged), so the nodes of different networks do not necessarily correspond. Nodes are the communes of metropolitan France and the overseas departments (with the municipal arrondissements instead of the communes of Paris, Lyon and Marseille), and the places of work abroad, which are given as foreign communes (or regions, mostly near the borders, e.g. GENEVE or LUXEMBOURG), or as a single node ZZZZZ for the workers whose place of work abroad was not given. A directed edge goes from the commune of residence to the place of work, weighted by the number of employed persons of 15 years or older that commute between them; workers who work in their commune of residence are counted by self-loops. Only the pairs of places with a nonzero flow are included, and only the places that take part in some flow. The edition of 2023 attributes to the commune of Maxey-sur-Vaise (55328), in the Meuse, many jobs that are actually in the quarter of Vaise in Lyon (an error noted by INSEE), and has 12 flows without a commune of residence, which start at a node with an empty code and name. Names that are encoded twice in UTF-8 in some editions (e.g. a few names of places abroad in the edition of 2017) were repaired. The coordinates of the communes are not given by the data, and are not included.

The networks have the following properties:

(Node) code: the code of the commune (the 5-character official geographic code of INSEE, e.g. 75056 or 2A004; 75101 to 75120 for the arrondissements of Paris, etc.), or the code of the place abroad as given by INSEE (e.g. SUC1L, LU320, ZZZZZ).
(Node) name: the name of the commune or place.
(Node) abroad: whether the place is outside France (a place of work abroad).
(Edge) workers: the estimated number of employed persons of 15 years or older that live in the source commune and work in the target place.

Tags

Transportation Employment Weighted Metadata

Added

2026-10-31

Citation

INSEE, "Mobilités professionnelles: déplacements domicile - lieu de travail." Recensement de la population, base flux de mobilité, editions 2006-2023 (2009-2026) www.insee.fr

Upstream URL OK

https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/8998300
https://www.insee.fr/fr/information/2383337

Upstream license

Licence Ouverte / Open Licence (Etalab), https://www.etalab.gouv.fr/licence-ouverte-open-licence/

Networks

Tip: click on a column header to sort the list, or hover over it for a description.

Column legend

$\left<k\right>$: Mean degree
$\sigma_k$: Standard deviation of the degrees
$\lambda_h$: Largest eigenvalue of the Hashimoto (non-backtracking) matrix
$\tau$: Random walk mixing time
$r$: Degree assortativity
$c$: Global clustering coefficient
$\oslash$: (Pseudo-) diameter
$S$: Relative size of the largest component
NPs: Node properties
EPs: Edge properties

Name	Nodes	Edges	$\left<k\right>$	$\sigma_k$	$\lambda_h$	$\tau$	$r$	$c$	$\oslash$	$S$	Kind	Mode	NPs	EPs	gt	GraphML	GML	csv
2006	37,993	975,155	25.67	112.85	324.59	21.32	0.09	0.23	8	1.00	Directed	Unipartite	code name abroad	workers	4.0 MiB	7.9 MiB	7.8 MiB	6.1 MiB
2007	37,990	991,470	26.10	114.25	326.47	21.14	0.08	0.23	7	1.00	Directed	Unipartite	code name abroad	workers	4.1 MiB	8.1 MiB	8.0 MiB	6.2 MiB
2008	37,932	1,000,125	26.37	114.66	326.94	21.31	0.08	0.23	7	1.00	Directed	Unipartite	code name abroad	workers	4.0 MiB	8.1 MiB	8.0 MiB	6.2 MiB
2009	37,833	1,007,236	26.62	114.94	326.97	21.69	0.08	0.23	7	1.00	Directed	Unipartite	code name abroad	workers	4.0 MiB	8.1 MiB	8.0 MiB	6.2 MiB
2010	37,940	1,021,610	26.93	116.20	329.06	20.91	0.08	0.23	7	1.00	Directed	Unipartite	code name abroad	workers	4.1 MiB	8.2 MiB	8.1 MiB	6.3 MiB
2011	37,980	1,046,186	27.55	120.37	335.83	16.77	0.08	0.22	7	1.00	Directed	Unipartite	code name abroad	workers	4.8 MiB	8.8 MiB	8.7 MiB	7.1 MiB
2012	38,051	1,022,879	26.88	116.77	330.88	19.77	0.09	0.23	7	1.00	Directed	Unipartite	code name abroad	workers	4.8 MiB	8.7 MiB	8.6 MiB	7.0 MiB
2013	38,130	1,013,812	26.59	116.75	331.34	19.08	0.09	0.23	7	1.00	Directed	Unipartite	code name abroad	workers	4.8 MiB	8.6 MiB	8.5 MiB	7.0 MiB
2014	37,442	991,406	26.48	117.34	331.84	18.33	0.09	0.23	7	1.00	Directed	Unipartite	code name abroad	workers	4.7 MiB	8.5 MiB	8.4 MiB	6.9 MiB
2015	37,003	968,794	26.18	116.82	330.95	18.38	0.09	0.23	7	1.00	Directed	Unipartite	code name abroad	workers	5.0 MiB	8.7 MiB	8.6 MiB	7.1 MiB
2016	36,601	947,641	25.89	116.07	329.29	18.31	0.09	0.23	7	1.00	Directed	Unipartite	code name abroad	workers	4.9 MiB	8.5 MiB	8.4 MiB	6.9 MiB
2017	36,631	955,878	26.09	116.84	330.90	18.27	0.09	0.23	8	1.00	Directed	Unipartite	code name abroad	workers	4.9 MiB	9.1 MiB	8.9 MiB	7.7 MiB
2018	36,653	964,036	26.30	117.32	331.76	18.33	0.09	0.23	7	1.00	Directed	Unipartite	code name abroad	workers	4.9 MiB	9.1 MiB	9.0 MiB	7.8 MiB
2019	36,643	963,899	26.31	117.32	331.73	18.35	0.09	0.23	7	1.00	Directed	Unipartite	code name abroad	workers	5.4 MiB	9.7 MiB	9.5 MiB	8.3 MiB
2020	36,623	977,682	26.70	118.46	333.06	18.33	0.09	0.23	7	1.00	Directed	Unipartite	code name abroad	workers	5.8 MiB	10.1 MiB	10.0 MiB	8.7 MiB
2021	36,562	969,093	26.51	114.53	322.97	19.34	0.08	0.23	7	1.00	Directed	Unipartite	code name abroad	workers	6.1 MiB	10.5 MiB	10.4 MiB	9.3 MiB
2022	36,472	986,967	27.06	117.19	326.84	17.91	0.08	0.22	7	1.00	Directed	Unipartite	code name abroad	workers	5.8 MiB	10.3 MiB	10.1 MiB	9.0 MiB
2023	36,389	1,003,647	27.58	119.97	332.56	16.57	0.08	0.22	7	1.00	Directed	Unipartite	code name abroad	workers	5.8 MiB	10.4 MiB	10.2 MiB	9.1 MiB

Ridiculograms^*

^* These are automatically generated force-directed visualizations, and can be quite meaningless for networks both big and small. They should not be taken seriously as sources of scientific insight. See here for a discussion.