sanak_food_webs — Sanak Archipelago food webs with humans (2016)

Description

Two highly resolved food webs of the Sanak Archipelago, in the western Gulf of Alaska (50 km south of the tip of the Alaska Peninsula), which include humans as the hunter-gatherer Aleut (Unangan) top predator. The intertidal web covers the benthic habitat up to the terrestrial vegetation exposed at low tide and the pelagic habitat above it at high tide, and the taxa were compiled from quadrats, sediment cores and visual searches over three years across the archipelago. The nearshore marine web covers the marine habitat within 80 km of the archipelago, with taxa from shallow-water observations and published occurrence records (mostly from GBIF and OBIS). Several ubiquitous microscopic taxa (e.g. bacteria, ciliates, dinoflagellates, foraminifera) were assumed to be present in both webs, and birds were included in one or both webs according to their foraging. The feeding links were observed in the field or compiled from 1,532 publications, reports and databases (from observations, gut or scat contents, and expert opinion); the human feeding links come from the zooarchaeology of Sanak Island middens, ethnographic data, and interviews with modern Unangan. Taxa were resolved as finely as possible, and lumped into coarser taxonomic groups (e.g. genus or family) when the information was incomplete. The webs are cumulative, describing the feeding relationships of taxa that lived or fed in those habitats since the human settlement of the archipelago, about 7,000 years ago.

intertidal: the Sanak intertidal food web.
nearshore: the Sanak nearshore marine food web.

A directed edge goes from a consumer (predator) to its resource (prey). Self-loops denote cannibalism. Node properties: name, the scientific name of the taxon (or a descriptive name for groups such as "Detritus complex"); tsn, the Taxonomic Serial Number of the taxon in the Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS), or an identifier of the form "san" for taxa without one; phylum, the phylum of the taxon ("NA" for non-living nodes and biofilm). Humans are the node "Homo sapiens". The source lists the phylum of the American dipper (Cinclus mexicanus) as "Mollusca" in the intertidal web (and "Chordata" in the nearshore web); it is kept as given.

Tags

Biological Food web Unweighted Metadata

Citation

J. A. Dunne, H. Maschner, M. W. Betts, N. Huntly, R. Russell, R. J. Williams, S. A. Wood, "The roles and impacts of human hunter-gatherers in North Pacific marine food webs." Scientific Reports 6, 21179 (2016) 10.1038/srep21179 Sci-Hub

Upstream URL OK

https://www.nature.com/articles/srep21179

Upstream license

CC BY 4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

Networks

Tip: click on a column header to sort the list, or hover over it for a description.

Column legend

$\left<k\right>$: Mean degree
$\sigma_k$: Standard deviation of the degrees
$\lambda_h$: Largest eigenvalue of the Hashimoto (non-backtracking) matrix
$\tau$: Random walk mixing time
$r$: Degree assortativity
$c$: Global clustering coefficient
$\oslash$: (Pseudo-) diameter
$S$: Relative size of the largest component
NPs: Node properties
EPs: Edge properties

Name	Nodes	Edges	$\left<k\right>$	$\sigma_k$	$\lambda_h$	$\tau$	$r$	$c$	$\oslash$	$S$	Kind	Mode	NPs	EPs	gt	GraphML	GML	csv
intertidal	235	1,804	7.68	14.12	24.34	3.21	-0.21	0.16	5	1.00	Directed	Unipartite	name tsn phylum		6 KiB	10 KiB	9 KiB	9 KiB
nearshore	513	6,774	13.20	26.41	48.29	3.28	-0.11	0.19	5	1.00	Directed	Unipartite	name tsn phylum		14 KiB	25 KiB	25 KiB	24 KiB