logo Netzschleuder network catalog, repository, and centrifuge

us_county_flows — US county-to-county migration and commuting flows (2006-2023)

Description

Networks of the flows of people between the counties of the United States: yearly migration flows from the tax returns of the Internal Revenue Service (IRS), and commuting flows from the American Community Survey (ACS) of the Census Bureau. Nodes are counties (and county equivalents, e.g. parishes, boroughs and independent cities), and directed edges are weighted by the number of people (or households) moving from one county to another.

  1. Migration (migration_2011_2012, ..., migration_2022_2023): the county-to-county migration data of the Statistics of Income (SOI) division of the IRS, one network per pair of consecutive years. Migration is inferred by matching the individual income tax returns filed in two consecutive years, comparing the addresses of the filers: a directed edge $(i, j)$ means that taxpayers who filed in county $i$ in the first year filed in county $j$ in the second year. The edges are weighted by the number of returns (approximately, households), the number of individuals (counted as exemptions in the earlier years) and the adjusted gross income of the returns. To protect privacy, the IRS lists only flows of at least 20 returns (10 in 2011-2012 and 2012-2013; in a few years, some flows of 18 or 19 returns are listed); the smaller flows are only given in aggregates (by state and region of origin), which are not included here. The nodes are the counties of the 50 states and the District of Columbia in the data of that year; the flows from and to foreign countries are not included as edges. Years before 2011 (published in other formats) are not included. The file of 2013-2014 contains about a thousand repeated rows, which are included only once.
  2. Commuting (commuting_2006_2010, commuting_2009_2013, commuting_2011_2015, commuting_2016_2020): the residence county to workplace county commuting flows (Table 1) of the ACS 5-year estimates for these periods. A directed edge $(i, j)$ means that workers 16 years and over living in county $i$ worked in county $j$, weighted by the estimated number of workers (with the margin of error of the estimate). Self-loops are the workers who live and work in the same county. The nodes are the counties of the United States and Puerto Rico in the data; commuting to a workplace abroad is not included. The tables of commuting flows by travel mode (2009-2013) and between minor civil divisions are not included.

The networks have the following properties:

  • name: the name of the county.
  • state: the state (two-letter postal code for the migration networks, full name for the commuting networks).
  • fips: the five-digit FIPS code of the county (state and county code).
  • Migration networks: nonmigrant_returns, nonmigrant_individuals, nonmigrant_agi: the number of returns, individuals and the adjusted gross income (in thousands of US dollars) of the taxpayers who filed in the same county in both years; inflow_returns, inflow_individuals, inflow_agi and outflow_returns, outflow_individuals, outflow_agi: the totals of migration into and out of the county (including from and to other countries, and the flows below the threshold); -1 if suppressed by the IRS, or if missing.
  • Migration networks, edges: returns, individuals, agi (the adjusted gross income of the migrating returns, in thousands of US dollars).
  • Commuting networks, edges: weight, the estimated number of workers; moe, the margin of error of the estimate (90% confidence).
Tags
Social Travel Economic Weighted Metadata
Citation
  • Internal Revenue Service, Statistics of Income, "SOI Tax Stats - Migration Data." (2011-2023) www.irs.gov
  • U.S. Census Bureau, "County-to-County Commuting Flows." American Community Survey 5-year estimates (2006-2020) www.census.gov
Upstream URL OK
https://www.irs.gov/statistics/soi-tax-stats-migration-data
https://www.census.gov/topics/employment/commuting/guidance/flows.html
Upstream license
Public domain (works of the US federal government)
Networks
Tip: click on a column header to sort the list, or hover over it for a description.
Column legend
$\left<k\right>$
Mean degree
$\sigma_k$
Standard deviation of the degrees
$\lambda_h$
Largest eigenvalue of the Hashimoto (non-backtracking) matrix
$\tau$
Random walk mixing time
$r$
Degree assortativity
$c$
Global clustering coefficient
$\oslash$
(Pseudo-) diameter
$S$
Relative size of the largest component
NPs
Node properties
EPs
Edge properties
Name Nodes Edges $\left<k\right>$ $\sigma_k$ $\lambda_h$ $\tau$ $r$ $c$ $\oslash$ $S$ Kind Mode NPs EPs gt GraphML GML csv
migration_2011_2012 3,142 89,527 28.49 123.69 185.39 9.75 -0.04 0.38 8 0.98 Directed Unipartite name state fips nonmigrant_returns nonmigrant_individuals nonmigrant_agi inflow_returns inflow_individuals inflow_agi outflow_returns outflow_individuals outflow_agi returns individuals agi 512 KiB 925 KiB 933 KiB 745 KiB
migration_2012_2013 3,142 91,459 29.11 125.53 189.30 6.05 -0.03 0.39 7 0.97 Directed Unipartite name state fips nonmigrant_returns nonmigrant_individuals nonmigrant_agi inflow_returns inflow_individuals inflow_agi outflow_returns outflow_individuals outflow_agi returns individuals agi 523 KiB 945 KiB 954 KiB 760 KiB
migration_2013_2014 3,141 45,448 14.47 69.27 120.43 11.17 0.04 0.36 9 0.91 Directed Unipartite name state fips nonmigrant_returns nonmigrant_individuals nonmigrant_agi inflow_returns inflow_individuals inflow_agi outflow_returns outflow_individuals outflow_agi returns individuals agi 330 KiB 567 KiB 558 KiB 453 KiB
migration_2014_2015 3,141 36,001 11.46 56.29 102.24 16.04 0.04 0.35 10 0.89 Directed Unipartite name state fips nonmigrant_returns nonmigrant_individuals nonmigrant_agi inflow_returns inflow_individuals inflow_agi outflow_returns outflow_individuals outflow_agi returns individuals agi 278 KiB 466 KiB 466 KiB 380 KiB
migration_2015_2016 3,141 46,889 14.93 70.86 124.63 19.16 0.05 0.37 10 0.91 Directed Unipartite name state fips nonmigrant_returns nonmigrant_individuals nonmigrant_agi inflow_returns inflow_individuals inflow_agi outflow_returns outflow_individuals outflow_agi returns individuals agi 340 KiB 561 KiB 573 KiB 467 KiB
migration_2016_2017 3,141 60,137 19.15 88.49 147.96 8.11 0.03 0.39 9 0.93 Directed Unipartite name state fips nonmigrant_returns nonmigrant_individuals nonmigrant_agi inflow_returns inflow_individuals inflow_agi outflow_returns outflow_individuals outflow_agi returns individuals agi 409 KiB 687 KiB 701 KiB 572 KiB
migration_2017_2018 3,141 49,058 15.62 74.10 128.86 11.42 0.05 0.38 9 0.91 Directed Unipartite name state fips nonmigrant_returns nonmigrant_individuals nonmigrant_agi inflow_returns inflow_individuals inflow_agi outflow_returns outflow_individuals outflow_agi returns individuals agi 350 KiB 596 KiB 593 KiB 485 KiB
migration_2018_2019 3,141 47,974 15.27 72.83 127.10 10.98 0.05 0.38 9 0.90 Directed Unipartite name state fips nonmigrant_returns nonmigrant_individuals nonmigrant_agi inflow_returns inflow_individuals inflow_agi outflow_returns outflow_individuals outflow_agi returns individuals agi 344 KiB 591 KiB 583 KiB 477 KiB
migration_2019_2020 3,142 51,445 16.37 76.96 133.24 10.00 0.04 0.38 9 0.91 Directed Unipartite name state fips nonmigrant_returns nonmigrant_individuals nonmigrant_agi inflow_returns inflow_individuals inflow_agi outflow_returns outflow_individuals outflow_agi returns individuals agi 366 KiB 619 KiB 617 KiB 506 KiB
migration_2020_2021 3,143 53,715 17.09 80.17 138.18 11.53 0.03 0.38 8 0.91 Directed Unipartite name state fips nonmigrant_returns nonmigrant_individuals nonmigrant_agi inflow_returns inflow_individuals inflow_agi outflow_returns outflow_individuals outflow_agi returns individuals agi 376 KiB 625 KiB 637 KiB 523 KiB
migration_2021_2022 3,144 54,522 17.34 82.29 141.75 10.56 0.02 0.39 10 0.91 Directed Unipartite name state fips nonmigrant_returns nonmigrant_individuals nonmigrant_agi inflow_returns inflow_individuals inflow_agi outflow_returns outflow_individuals outflow_agi returns individuals agi 382 KiB 635 KiB 643 KiB 531 KiB
migration_2022_2023 3,143 53,614 17.06 80.97 138.04 10.60 0.03 0.39 9 0.91 Directed Unipartite name state fips nonmigrant_returns nonmigrant_individuals nonmigrant_agi inflow_returns inflow_individuals inflow_agi outflow_returns outflow_individuals outflow_agi returns individuals agi 376 KiB 644 KiB 634 KiB 523 KiB
commuting_2006_2010 3,224 132,019 40.95 89.41 155.95 24.39 0.10 0.26 5 1.00 Directed Unipartite name state fips weight moe 440 KiB 880 KiB 869 KiB 694 KiB
commuting_2009_2013 3,221 135,705 42.13 90.17 156.07 27.99 0.10 0.26 5 1.00 Directed Unipartite name state fips weight moe 449 KiB 905 KiB 891 KiB 711 KiB
commuting_2011_2015 3,220 137,806 42.80 91.66 158.27 29.93 0.10 0.26 5 1.00 Directed Unipartite name state fips weight moe 455 KiB 918 KiB 905 KiB 720 KiB
commuting_2016_2020 3,222 121,034 37.56 80.99 143.63 23.85 0.11 0.26 5 1.00 Directed Unipartite name state fips weight moe 417 KiB 828 KiB 810 KiB 654 KiB